order
                        
                      
                                    Coleoptera
                                       “Adult Beetles”
                                  
                                    Coleoptera
                                       “Larval Beetles”
                                  
                                    Diptera
                                       “True Flies”
                                  
                                    Ephemeroptera
                                       “Mayflies”
                                  
                                    Hemiptera
                                       “True Bugs”
                                  
                                    Lepidoptera
                                       “Aquatic Caterpillars, Snout Moths”
                                  
                                    Megaloptera
                                       “Alderflies, Dobsonflies, and Fishflies”
                                  
                                    Odonata
                                       “Dragonflies and Damselflies”
                                  
                                    Plecoptera
                                       “Stoneflies”
                                  
                                    Trichoptera
                                       “Caddisflies”
                                 family
                        
                     Polymitarcyidae
               
            genus
                     Ephoron
            
                  “Pale Burrower Mayflies”
               
      Genus Overview
                  
               
                        2 species in North America (Ephoron leukon and Ephoron album).  The differences in the two species is the lateral tracheal branches in the gills.  This burrowing mayfly is smaller than the other families of burrowers. 
                  
               Characteristics
                  
               POLLUTION TOLERANCE
                        Southeast: 1.5 and higher
                                 Upper Midwest: 2 and higher
                              0 = least tolerant, 10 = most tolerant
                        FEEDING HABITS
                        
                                 Collector / Filterer
Collector / Gatherer
                        
                     Collector / Gatherer
MOVEMENT
                        
                                 Burrower
                        
                     DISTRIBUTION
                        
                                 Widespread (east of the Rocky Mtns.)
                        
                     HABITAT
                        
                                 Lentic-littoral
Lotic-depositional
Lotic-erosional
                        
                     Lotic-depositional
Lotic-erosional
Diagnostic Characters
               order
                         
                                       
                                       
                                    Abdominal Gills
                                  
                                       
                                       
                                    Single Tarsal Claw
                                  
                                       
                                       
                                    Usually 3 Tails
                                 family
                         
                                       
                                       
                                    Gills on 2-7 Forked, Long, Curving over Abdomen
                                  
                                       
                                       
                                    Legs Flattened or Tuberculate
                                  
                                       
                                       
                                    Long Tusks Straight or Downcurved
                                  
                                       
                                       
                                    Hind Tibiae Rounded Apically
                                 
                  + Expanded Character List
                  
                     
               
            
                        Order:
                           Wings developing in wing pads. Mouthparts suitable for chewing. Gills present on tops and sides of abdomen. Segmented legs present. One tarsal claw per leg. Usually with 3 tails (sometimes 2).
                     
                     
                        Family:
                           Long slender mayfly with its gills long, forked, marginally fringed, and curved over abdomen; pair of sharp tusks projecting beyond head and curved downward; the legs are generally expanded or with tubercles for digging and the hind tibiae are rounded apically.
                     
                     
                        Genus:
                           Tusks with numerous tubercles, feathery gills, soft bodied, 
                     
                   
                   
            Dorsal
               Lateral
               


